From Incorporation to Full Compliance — Setting Up and Running an Indian Subsidiary for a US Parent Company

Day 1 compliant

Board-compliant from the day of incorporation

6 compliance tracks

ROC, Tax, GST, TDS, PF/ESI, Labour law

Zero notices

No compliance notice received since engagement

Engagement TypeFull Lifecycle GCC Setup

The Brief

A US-headquartered company decided to set up an Indian subsidiary to access local talent and operate closer to its customers in India. Like most first-time entrants, the parent company had no on-ground team, no understanding of Indian regulatory timelines, and no appetite to build an internal finance and compliance function from scratch. They needed a partner who could take the company from zero to fully operational, and then keep it running. SMACAS was engaged at the incorporation stage and has continued as the subsidiary's outsourced finance, compliance, and governance backbone since.

The Challenge

Setting up in India is rarely just a registration exercise. For this client, the real complexity sat in what comes after incorporation:

  • Governance requirement: Indian company law requires at least one resident director on the board. A foreign parent with no local presence has no one to appoint.
  • Treasury control: Funds were flowing in from the US parent for working capital and capital expenditure, and the client needed disciplined, transparent handling of that money from day one, not after the first audit finding.
  • Compliance blind spots: First-time foreign promoters typically don't know which filings are due when, until a penalty notice arrives. ROC filings, income tax, GST, TDS, and labour law registrations all carry independent timelines and independent consequences for missing them.
  • No back office: There was no accounting function, no payroll process, and no one tracking vendor payments, employee reimbursements, or statutory deductions.

Left unaddressed, any one of these gaps could have exposed the Indian entity, and by extension the US parent, to penalties, board-level liability, or a stalled operation in the first year.

Our Approach

We treated this as a single continuous mandate rather than a series of separate engagements, because that is how the client actually experiences it.

1. Incorporation and structuring

We handled the full incorporation process - name approval, MOA/AOA drafting, DIN and DSC for directors, and ROC filing - structured around the parent company's ownership and reporting requirements from the outset.

2. Resident director services

SMACAS provided a resident director to satisfy the statutory requirement under the Companies Act, allowing the subsidiary to be board-compliant from incorporation without the parent needing to relocate or nominate someone internally on short notice.

3. Treasury operations

We took charge of managing inbound funds from the US parent, tracking utilisation against budgets, and maintaining the documentation trail needed for RBI and FEMA reporting on foreign remittances into the Indian entity.

4. Statutory compliance calendar

We built and now run a compliance checker covering ROC, income tax, GST, TDS, PF/ESI, and shops and establishment requirements, so nothing is tracked from memory and nothing is missed by default.

5. Accounting and payroll

We manage the subsidiary's books on an ongoing basis and run payroll end to end, including statutory deductions, payslips, and employer compliance filings.

6. Advisory

Beyond execution, we sit with the client on structuring decisions, tax positions, and operational questions as they scale, functioning as their finance and compliance advisor rather than a vendor they contact once a year.

The Outcome

The subsidiary was operational and board-compliant from day one, with no gap between incorporation and functioning governance. Treasury flows are documented and audit-ready. Every statutory filing has an owner and a due date inside our tracker, and the client has not faced a single compliance notice since we took over. Most importantly, the US parent has a single point of accountability in India for finance and compliance, instead of juggling a registration agent, a part-time accountant, and a payroll vendor separately.

GCC incorporation IndiaUS subsidiary setupresident director Indiaforeign subsidiary compliancetreasury management India

Setting up or managing operations in India?

Our CAs are available for immediate consultation. Response within 24 hours.

Contact Us →